Irradiation of cereals, grains and dry legume seeds for phytosanitary purposes is not a new idea. To date, in addition to the research phase, many system installations for commercial applications have been carried out. The oldest of these enterprises started operating in Turkey in 1967 with the cooperation of the Turkish Government and UN organizations. It was a short-lived enterprise because of not receiving sufficient public support. The objectives of this paper are consideration the potential of cereals, grains and dry legume seeds irradiation and also new application such as EB or X-ray approaches in food irradiation. Phytosanitary irradiation has important advantages especially for food security. Ukraine and China have been gained industrial irradiation experience in the application of EB sources as an alternative to gamma sources. Recently the number of companies with field experience in industrial EB applications and offering alternative design opportunities is increasing.  Since Turkey is a major cereal grain, and pulses producer and exporter, the insect infestation is an important problem. Temperature is the most important environmental factor influencing insect population dynamics, global climate change is expected to cause an expansion of their geographic range. As climate change exacerbates the pest problem, there is an urgent need for new pest management solutions. Instead of conventional methods, EB/X-ray irradiation at very low doses and irradiation of bulk grains & cereals and packaged legume seeds have significant potential. Consequently, potential scenarios for the Turkish market regarding the irradiation of such products with EB/X-ray are high potential. The most economical option seems EB for bulk grains & cereals and X-ray systems for packaged legume seeds.